• Ras pathways are involved in the regulation of virulence in

  2022-03-24

  

  Ras pathways are involved in the regulation of virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans [7] and Candida albicans [8,9]. To verify the importance of Ras in the survival response of the fungus in the host, a pathogenicity test of P. brasiliensis was performed before and after treatment with the Ras inhibi

• As previously discussed even though

  2022-03-24

  

  As previously discussed, even though glucose is the major fuel of the brain, neuronal cells may use alternative fuels such as ketone bodies in metabolically challenging situations in which glucose availability is limited [6]. Ketogenesis takes place mainly in the liver, although astrocytes can also

• It was noted elsewhere that several of the variants i

  2022-03-24

  

  It was noted elsewhere that several of the variants (i.e., Indel19 and SNP63) that make up the risk haplotypes had unusually large differences in allele frequencies between Africans and non-Africans, as compared with a set of likely neutral loci (Fullerton et al. 2002). This finding was interpreted

• It is interesting to note that GlyT and GlyT are

  2022-03-24

  

  It is interesting to note that GlyT1 and GlyT2 are modulated in a coordinated and opposite way as that shown in this work by different mechanisms and situations. An example is the purinergic control of GlyT1 and GlyT2 through P2Y receptors in brainstem and spinal cord neurons. This mechanism promote

• br The glyoxalase system has not yet

  2022-03-24

  

  The glyoxalase system has not yet been studied in E. histolytica or G. lamblia. Searches in the G. lamblia genome (GiardiaDB.org) revealed two genes encoding hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolases (Morrison et al., 2007), but no glyoxalase I gene was found. The genome of E. histolytica does not have a

• GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by its

  2022-03-23

  

  GHRL effect on appetite is influenced by its dose and route of administration, where central or peripheral administration of GHRL at low doses increases feed intake, via acting on orexigenic hypothalamic neurons, and decreases appetite at high doses in chickens (Jonaidi et al., 2012), quails (Shoush

• The ghrelin receptor is expressed in

  2022-03-23

  

  The ghrelin receptor is expressed in a number of human malignancies including prostatic carcinoma cell lines [18,19] and tissues [20], breast carcinoma tumours and cell lines [21], testicular tumours [22], and malignant ovarian cysts and tumours [23]. In addition, it has an elevated level of express

• Acknowledgements br Introduction Alzheimer s disease

  2022-03-23

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia. There is currently no treatment available to slow or halt disease progression. The underlying mechanisms of AD on the cell and molecular levels are still not comp

• CC is a widespread disorder affecting up to of people

  2022-03-23

  

  CC is a widespread disorder affecting up to 20% of people worldwide, which also deteriorates the quality of life of patients and causes a substantial economic burden to society. There are 3 categories of CC: normal-transit constipation, slow-transit constipation and defecatory or rectal evacuation d

• br Conclusion br Disclosure of interest br Introduction

  2022-03-23

  

  Conclusion Disclosure of interest Introduction The Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) proposed the ambitious global goal of achieving the "90-90-90" target by 2020 and ending the HIV epidemic by 2030 (Barton-Knott, 2014). One important measure is to monitor the incidence

• The first suggestion that the Hh pathway might be involved

  2022-03-23

  

  The first suggestion that the Hh pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease was reported at the beginning of this millennium by Shackel et al. who noted that Patch and Gli were upregulated in their microarray analysis of liver tissues from patients with primary biliary ch

• br Trifluoromethylketones This group of

  2022-03-23

  

  Trifluoromethylketones This group of compounds was demonstrated to bind the zinc SMIP004 in the active site due to its easy hydration, forming the required chelating intermediate. Ontaria et al. [92] have proposed variations around the cap group of trifluoromethylthiophene as the core motif for

• br All platelet agonists acting through specific

  2022-03-23

  

  All platelet agonists, acting through specific receptors and triggering different signaling pathways, activate phospholipases (PLCß or PLCγ) and the subsequent messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and 1,2 diacylglycerol which activate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3R) or

• To overcome these limitations investigators have developed n

  2022-03-22

  

  To overcome these limitations, investigators have developed novel strategies for identifying and purifying gonadotropes from transgenic mouse models. For example, FSH-producing gonadotropes have been tagged in vivo with a transgenic cell surface antigen (H-2Kk) so that they can be purified in vitro

• Several reports have shown that the ICD of CLRs

  2022-03-22

  

  Several reports have shown that the ICD of CLRs is involved in the desensitization process of this superfamily. The analysis of our chimeric constructs between GlyRα1 and GLIC revealed differences in desensitization properties. In contrast, other ion channel properties such as channel block and ion

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